Color blindness occurs primarily due to genetic factors or damage to the eye’s cone cells. The most common forms are:
- Deuteranomaly: reduced green sensitivity (most common)
- Protanomaly: reduced red sensitivity
- Tritanomaly: reduced blue sensitivity (rare)
Genetic color blindness affects about 8% of males and 0.5% of females due to the condition being X-linked. Acquired color blindness can result from eye injuries, certain diseases, medication side effects, or aging. While there’s no cure for genetic color blindness, special glasses and digital tools can help affected individuals distinguish colors better in daily life.