Colorblindness occurs when one or more types of cone cells in the retina are either missing or malfunctioning. The most common form is red-green colorblindness, affecting approximately 8% of males and 0.5% of females.
There are several types:
- Deuteranomaly: reduced green sensitivity
- Protanomaly: reduced red sensitivity
- Tritanomaly: reduced blue sensitivity
- Complete color blindness (very rare)
Colorblindness is usually inherited genetically, though it can also result from eye injuries, certain diseases, or aging. While there’s no cure, special glasses and digital tools can help affected individuals distinguish colors better in daily life.